{"id":5055,"date":"2019-09-30T09:37:30","date_gmt":"2019-09-30T09:37:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mhc.org.mk\/uncategorized-sq\/punetoret-ne-maqedoni-jane-te-sigurt-vetem-ne-leter\/"},"modified":"2019-10-11T09:45:54","modified_gmt":"2019-10-11T09:45:54","slug":"punetoret-ne-maqedoni-jane-te-sigurt-vetem-ne-leter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mhc.org.mk\/sq\/media-sq\/punetoret-ne-maqedoni-jane-te-sigurt-vetem-ne-leter\/","title":{"rendered":"Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt n\u00eb Maqedoni jan\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt vet\u00ebm n\u00eb let\u00ebr"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vildan Drpljanin<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt, si t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb hierarki piramidale t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb, jan\u00eb hallka m\u00eb e dob\u00ebt n\u00eb procesin mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebs. Informimi i tyre i dob\u00ebt, pozicioni i pafuqis\u00eb, droja dhe d\u00ebgjueshm\u00ebria, para pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit nuk mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb q\u00eb ata t\u00eb paraqesin mos-konsekuenca sa u p\u00ebrket siguris\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebndetit gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ora 16 e 30 zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb koha kur pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve i p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb i kryejn\u00eb obligimet e tyre dhe p\u00ebrgatiten q\u00eb ti braktisin vendet e tyre t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. P\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, ajo nuk ndodhi me pun\u00ebtorin t\u00eb ngarkuar me mbajtjen e higjien\u00ebs s\u00eb dritareve n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtes\u00ebn e Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb futbollit, i cili para vet\u00ebm rreth tridhjet\u00eb dit\u00eb<\/a> e humbi jet\u00ebn pasi rreth or\u00ebs 16 e 30 minuta u rr\u00ebzua vin\u00e7i n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin ka qen\u00eb i hipur p\u00ebrderisa i ka lar\u00eb dritaret. Tragjedia e shkupjanit pes\u00ebdhjet\u00eb e gjasht\u00eb vje\u00e7ar \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga l\u00ebndimet e shumta fatale gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat brenda n\u00ebnte viteve t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb Maqedoni n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme marrin je m\u00eb s\u00eb paku dy pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve n\u00eb muaj<\/a> (p\u00ebrjashtim \u00ebsht\u00eb viti 2016<\/a>, i vetmi vit kur numri i rasteve t\u00eb vdekjes ka qen\u00eb n\u00ebn 24 sosh). Duke pasur parasysh faktin se vendet e pun\u00ebs n\u00eb shtetin ton\u00eb, nga viti 2010 deri n\u00eb vitin 2018<\/a>, jet\u00ebn e kan\u00eb humbur m\u00eb s\u00eb paku 318 pun\u00ebtor\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa jan\u00eb l\u00ebnduar t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 895, \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se i t\u00ebr\u00eb sistemi i siguris\u00eb dhe i sh\u00ebndetit gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs thjesht\u00eb nuk funksionon.<\/p>\n

Ku q\u00ebndron problemi: n\u00eb regullativ\u00ebn apo n\u00eb implementimin?<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Standardet p\u00ebr mbrojtje n\u00eb pun\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb vendosura nga Organizata Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e pun\u00ebs<\/a> (ONP) n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb konventave dhe rekomandimeve t\u00eb cilat vendet an\u00ebtare duhet ti ratifikojn\u00eb dhe aplikojn\u00eb n\u00eb legjislativin nacional. Tre konventat themelore t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb obligatore p\u00ebr vendet an\u00ebtare n\u00eb at\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje jan\u00eb: Konventa p\u00ebr siguri dhe sh\u00ebndet gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs num\u00ebr 155 nga viti 1981<\/a>, Konventa p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime p\u00ebr mbrojtje t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs num\u00ebr 161 nga viti 1985<\/a> dhe Konventa p\u00ebr korniz\u00eb promovuese p\u00ebr siguri dhe sh\u00ebndet gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs num\u00ebr 187 nga viti 2006<\/a>. Deri tani, vendi yn\u00eb, ka ratifikuar 80 konventa t\u00eb ONP<\/a>, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe k\u00ebto t\u00eb tria, dhe i ka aplikuar n\u00eb legjislativin nacional n\u00eb pakon e ligjeve p\u00ebr mbrojtje gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr avancim t\u00eb kushteve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Krahas asaj q\u00eb shteti nuk ka ratifikuar konventa t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme nga fusha e nd\u00ebrtimtaris\u00eb<\/a>, si veprimtari n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn\u00a0n\u00eb vitin 2018 ka pasur num\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb l\u00ebndimeve<\/a>, i pakontestuesh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti se problemet kryesore nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb regullativ\u00ebn por n\u00eb implementimin.<\/p>\n

Ligjet q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhura m mbrojtjen gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Maqedonis\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe jan\u00eb t\u00eb harmonizuara edhe me direktivat e UE (EU-OSHA<\/a>) dhe mund t\u00eb thuhet se nga aspekti formal-juridik, legjislativi ligjor \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb pajtim me standardet evropiane. N\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, natyrsh\u00ebm imponohet pyetja p\u00ebrse Republika e Maqedonis\u00eb ka shkall\u00eb pothuajse n\u00ebnt\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebndimeve fatale gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs (4,34<\/a>) nga, p\u00ebr shembull, Britania e Madhe (0,5<\/a>)? Gjat\u00eb vitit 2018, sipas raportit t\u00eb SHMMP<\/a>, mesatarisht ka ndodhur nga nj\u00eb l\u00ebndim n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs (gjithsej 124), nd\u00ebrsa \u00e7do dit\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs jet\u00ebn e ka humbur nga nj\u00eb pun\u00ebtor (gjithsej 33). Vet\u00eb hapja e tem\u00ebs p\u00ebr rastet e vdekjes, l\u00ebndimet dhe fatkeq\u00ebsit\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb has n\u00eb probleme sepse shteti nuk ka vendosur sistem t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr grumbullimin e informacioneve. Si rrjedhoj\u00eb, ekziston mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr dallim n\u00eb shifrat e rasteve nga ato q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb theksuara n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tekst sepse institucionet p\u00ebrdorin metodologji t\u00eb ndryshme, duke mos i publikuar me at\u00eb rast t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat publikisht, q\u00eb v\u00eb n\u00eb pah at\u00eb se problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb sistemin.<\/p>\n

Burimet e problemit q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb munges\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb harmonizuara p\u00ebr gjendjen e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb mbajtjes s\u00eb evidenc\u00ebs p\u00ebr mbrojtje n\u00eb pun\u00eb, hedhja e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb<\/a> n\u00eb raport me at\u00eb se ku q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb dob\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe ekzistimi i problemeve praktike me t\u00eb cilat ballafaqohen pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e rrezikuar. Problemet praktike pasqyrohen n\u00eb shembujt e shumt\u00eb<\/a> ku gjat\u00eb l\u00ebndimit n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit p\u00ebrmes presionit ose p\u00ebrmes pagesave t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme i dekurajojn\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt p\u00ebr ti paraqitur l\u00ebndimet. Gjithsesi, implementimi p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs i ligjeve do ta kishte zgjidhur pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre problemeve, por p\u00ebr momentin mungon llogaridh\u00ebnie dhe p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi p\u00ebr rezultatet e (pa)arritura, nd\u00ebrsa mungon edhe p\u00ebrcjellje e efekteve nga programet dhe shfryt\u00ebzimi i tyre n\u00eb procesin e krijimit t\u00eb politikave.<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb duhet b\u00ebr\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i detyruar t\u00eb angazhohet p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve?<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Sistemin e siguris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit n\u00eb pun\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit, t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarit, institucionet shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, entet sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore nga fusha e medicin\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs, Inspektorati Shtet\u00ebror i pun\u00ebs, sindikatat, shoqatat e pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve dhe shoq\u00ebria civile dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb duhet patjet\u00ebr t\u00eb angazhohen shum\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve. Kur t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto faktor\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb ken\u00eb sukses q\u00eb t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb sistem q\u00eb i parandalon fatkeq\u00ebsit\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e pun\u00ebs, m\u00eb pak q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb sanksionohet \u00e7do l\u00ebshim<\/a> e kjo t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nga Prokuroria publike. P\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb gjendja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eblloj e keqe si dhe i t\u00ebr\u00eb sistemi, l\u00ebshime konstatohen<\/a> edhe n\u00eb vet\u00eb zbatimin e obligimeve te Inspektorati dhe te Prokuroria Publike, e cila nuk ngre dhe nuk zgjidh raste q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me mbrojtjen dhe sh\u00ebndetin gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Pothuajse edhe nuk ekzistojn\u00eb raste t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb penale t\u00eb pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve, madje as n\u00eb situata kur l\u00ebndimi ose vdekja ndodhin p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb l\u00ebshimeve t\u00eb b\u00ebra nga ata.<\/p>\n

Republika e Maqedonis\u00eb ka korniz\u00eb solide ligjore dhe standarde t\u00eb vendosura mir\u00eb, por mekanizmat p\u00ebr zbatimin e ligjeve n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb, posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e parandalimit, jan\u00eb n\u00eb nivel brengos\u00ebs t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. Informimi i t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve, fuqizimi i kontrollit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha nivelet \u2013 t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar, persona profesionist, ente sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore dhe Inspektorati, si dhe fuqizimi i sistemit p\u00ebr evidenc\u00eb dhe ndjekje t\u00eb zbatimit t\u00eb ligjit, jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e ndryshimeve t\u00eb nevojshme q\u00eb imponohen. Fillimisht, shkrimet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb duhet ti nxis\u00eb ata q\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb procesin t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje maksimale p\u00ebr marrje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb harmonizuara p\u00ebr gjendjen e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb n\u00eb raport me mbrojtjen gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs. M\u00eb tutje, ato t\u00eb dh\u00ebna, t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetura me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave statistikore, duhet ti v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb pah dob\u00ebsit\u00eb e sistemit dhe t\u00eb propozojn\u00eb masa p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse p\u00ebr tejkalim t\u00eb problemeve.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundimisht, krahas zgjidhjeve t\u00eb sjella ligjore p\u00ebr mbajtje t\u00eb evidenc\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb, nevojitet q\u00eb t\u00eb miratohen edhe akte n\u00ebnligjore t\u00eb cilat sakt\u00eb do ti definojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr evidentim, t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr hetime m\u00eb konkrete, p\u00ebr sjellje t\u00eb konkluzioneve dhe p\u00ebr propozim t\u00eb masave p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse. Me at\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet hapi i par\u00eb p\u00ebr aplikimin dhe p\u00ebrcaktimin e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve n\u00eb procesin, nga personat q\u00eb i plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb dokumentet e nevojshme, deri te ata q\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimin e tyre. Pas miratimit t\u00eb formular\u00ebve t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb b\u00ebhet trajnimi i t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve q\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb procesin sepse nuk ndodh shpesh s\u00eb n\u00eb praktik\u00eb t\u00eb hasni n\u00eb njohuri t\u00eb pamjaftueshme t\u00eb obligimeve t\u00eb personave t\u00eb cil\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e caktuara t\u00eb procesit. Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt, si t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb hierarki piramidale t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb, jan\u00eb hallka m\u00eb e dob\u00ebt n\u00eb procesin mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebs. Informimi i tyre i dob\u00ebt, pozicioni i pafuqis\u00eb, droja dhe d\u00ebgjueshm\u00ebria, para pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit nuk mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb q\u00eb ata t\u00eb paraqesin mos-konsekuenca sa u p\u00ebrket siguris\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebndetit gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr at\u00eb, ky proces patjet\u00ebr duhet t\u00eb udh\u00ebhiqet me t\u00eb gjitha pal\u00ebt e involvuara.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vildan Drpljanin Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt, si t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb hierarki piramidale t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb, jan\u00eb hallka m\u00eb e dob\u00ebt n\u00eb procesin mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebs. Informimi i tyre i dob\u00ebt, pozicioni i pafuqis\u00eb, droja dhe d\u00ebgjueshm\u00ebria, para pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit nuk mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb q\u00eb ata t\u00eb paraqesin mos-konsekuenca sa u p\u00ebrket siguris\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebndetit gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Ora 16 e 30 zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb koha […]<\/p>\n

Read More… from Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt n\u00eb Maqedoni jan\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt vet\u00ebm n\u00eb let\u00ebr<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5051,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89,93],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5055","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-media-sq","category-media-web-sq"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPun\u00ebtor\u00ebt n\u00eb Maqedoni jan\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt vet\u00ebm n\u00eb let\u00ebr - Komitetit t\u00eb Helsinkit p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mhc.org.mk\/sq\/media-sq\/punetoret-ne-maqedoni-jane-te-sigurt-vetem-ne-leter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt n\u00eb Maqedoni jan\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt vet\u00ebm n\u00eb let\u00ebr - Komitetit t\u00eb Helsinkit p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vildan Drpljanin Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt, si t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb hierarki piramidale t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb, jan\u00eb hallka m\u00eb e dob\u00ebt n\u00eb procesin mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebs. Informimi i tyre i dob\u00ebt, pozicioni i pafuqis\u00eb, droja dhe d\u00ebgjueshm\u00ebria, para pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit nuk mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb q\u00eb ata t\u00eb paraqesin mos-konsekuenca sa u p\u00ebrket siguris\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebndetit gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Ora 16 e 30 zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb koha [...]Read More... from Pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt n\u00eb Maqedoni jan\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt vet\u00ebm n\u00eb let\u00ebr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mhc.org.mk\/sq\/media-sq\/punetoret-ne-maqedoni-jane-te-sigurt-vetem-ne-leter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Komitetit t\u00eb Helsinkit p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MacedonianHelsinkiCommittee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-30T09:37:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-11T09:45:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mhc.org.mk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/hrightsv2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"418\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta 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